Tuesday, December 31, 2019

NOTA SRT TINGAKATAN 4 - BAB 3-3.4

3.4- Penghasilan Blaus atau Rompi

a) Proses Jahitan

1. Kelim
  • kelim betawi
  • kelim papan mesin
  • kelim lipat tindih
  • kelim belah kangkung
2. Garis Leher
  • kun
  • lapik
3. Belah
4. Penghilang Gelembung
5. Penyudah Tepi
6. Kancing
  • butang & lubang butang
  • butang katup
  • zip
  • velkro
  • riben
  • cangkuk & palang
b) Cara Menggunakan Mesin Jahit dengan Teknik yang Betul

Sebelum Menjahit
  1. Pasangkan jarum di pemegang jarum. Pastikan bahagian yang rata menghala ke skru pemegang jarum.
  2. Pasangkan benang bawah
  3. Pasangkan benang atas
  4. Naikkan benang bawah dan tarikkan ke belakang penekan
  5. Laraskan mata jahitan
Semasa Mula Menjahit
  1. Letakkan fabrik di bawah penekan jahitan
  2. Pusing roda imbang ke hadapan untuk menurunkan jarum menembusi fabrik
Selepas Menjahit
  1. Naikkan jarum mesin setinggi yang boleh
  2. Naikkan tuas angkat
  3. Tarik fabrik ke belakang mesin untuk mengelakkan jarum daripada bengkok.
Peraturan Keselamatan Menggunakan Mesin Jahit
  1. Jangan biarkan mesin jahit bersambung dengan elektrik tanpa digunakan.
  2. Pastikan debu atau cebisan kain tidak terkumpul di lubang peredaraan udara dan kawalan kaki.
  3. Jangan keluarkan plag daripada punca elektrik dengan menarik kabel.
  4. Jauhi daripada segala bahagian bergerak dan berikan perhatian sewajarnya kepada bahagian di sekeliling jarum mesin jahit.
  5. Jangan menggunakan jarum yang bengkok.
  6. Jangan menolak atau menarik fabrik apabila menjahit.
  7. Mematikan suis apabila menyelaraskan bahagian jarum, memasang benang, menukar jarum, memasang benang gelendong atau menukar tapak penekan dan sebagainya

NOTA SRT TINGAKATAN 4 - BAB 3-3.3

3.3- Penyediaan Bahan Jahitan

a) Jenis Fabrik

i. Rompi
  • Fabrik kapas campuran
  • Fabrik flannel
  • Fabrik denim
ii. Blaus
  • Fabrik kapas campuran
  • Fabrik gingham
  • Fabrik poplin
b) Cara Mengenal Fabrik
  1. Ira Fabrik
  2. Corak Fabrik
  3. Kecacatan Fabrik
  4. Sebelah dalam Fabrik
  5. Sebelah Luar Fabrik
c) Peraturan Menyusun Atur Pola
  1. Ratakan pola yang berkedut dengan menggosok fabrik bagi mendapatkan permukaan yang rata dan licin.
  2. Bentangkan fabrik di atas permukaan meja yang rata.
  3. Kenal pasti dan patuhi arahan, maklumat dan label pola.
  4. Temukan sebelah dalam fabrik dan pastikan bahagian lipatan berada di tepi meja.
  5. Letakkan tanda ira lurus pola tepat pada ira lurus fabrik.
  6. Susun atur kepingan pola besar dahulu diikuti dengan kepingan pola kecil.
  7. Pastikan permukaan pola yang berlabel berada di sebelah atas.
  8. Susun pola sehala pada fabrik corak sehala, farik nep dan fabrik pail.
  9. Padankan corak fabrik genggang atau fabrik jalur pada kelim.
  10. Semat fabrik dengan jarum peniti supaya tetap.
d) Menggunting Fabrik dengan Teknik yang Betul
  1. Pastikan fabrik berada di atas permukaan yang rata.
  2. Gunakan gunting fabrik yang tajam.
  3. Apabila menggunting fabrik, letakkan satu tangan di atas pola.
  4. Gunakan mata gunting sepenuhnya semasa mengguntin bahagian lurus dan gunakan bahagian hujung mata gunting sahaja untuk menggunting bahagian kecil dan lengkung.
  5. Pastikan mata gunting yang runcing berada di atas meja ketika meggunting fabrik.
  6. Jangan angkat fabrik semasa menggunting fabrik.
  7. Gunakan bahagian mata gunting yang runcing untuk menggunting tanda imbang.
  8. Tanda imbang dubel boleh digunting sekali sebagai satu.
  9. Pastikan jumlah kepingan fabrik yang digunting mencukupi.
e) Memindahkan Tanda Pola ke Fabrik
  • Menanda dengan kapur tukang jahit
  • Menanda dengan roda surih & kertas karbon tukang jahit.

NOTA SRT TINGAKATAN 4 - BAB 3-3.2

3.2- Mendraf Pola Rompi Atau Blaus

a) Lakaran Rompi dan Blaus



b) Alatan Mengambil Ukuran Badan dan Mendraf
Pita Ukur
Ambil ukuran badan & bahagian melengkung pada pola
Pembaris Lengkung
Membentuk garis melengkung
Pembaris Sesiku
- Membuat garisan bersudut tepat & garisan lurus
- Membentuk garis leher & lubang lengan
Pembaris Lurus
- Mengukur fabrik
- Mengukur & menanda garis yang lurus

c) Ukuran Badan

d) Borang Ukuran Badan

i. Garisan Melintang
  1. Leher
  2. Bahu
  3. Dada
  4. Jarak mercu dada 
  5. Bidang hadapan
  6. Bidang belakang
  7. Pinggang
  8. Pinggul
  9. Pergelangan tangan
ii. Garisan Menegak
  1. Bahu ke mercu dada
  2. Garisan tengah belakang
  3. Labuh baju
  4. Labuh lengan

e) Bahagian Pola yang Umum pada Pola Rompi atau Blaus

f) Tanda Pola
Ira Lurus
Tanda Lipatan
Tanda Imbang
Garis Pemadan
Garis Gunting
Basi Kelim / Basi Jahitan
G.T.H: Garis Tengah Hadapan
G.T.B: Garis Tengah Belakang
Lubang Butang
Butang
Ubah Suai
Lisu Pemadan

NOTA SRT TINGAKATAN 4 - BAB 3-3.1

BAB 3: PAKAIAN DAN JAHITAN

3.1- Pemilihan Pakaian

a) Gentian
  • serabut serat dan filamen daripada bahan asli dan bahan buatan yang dijadikan yarn untuk menghasilkan fabrik.

b) Gentian Asli dan Gentian Buatan

i) Gentian Asli dan Sumbernya

ii) Gentian Buatan dan Sumbernya

c) Ciri-ciri Fabrik Gentian Asli dan Fabrik Gentian Buatan

Ciri-ciri gentian asli sumber tumbuhan
  1. Selesa dipakai
  2. Tidak kenyal & mudah renyuk
  3. Tahan pada suhu tinggi & sinaran cahaya matahari
  4. Tahan pada asid lemah & alkali
  5. Pengalir haba yang baik
  6. Mudah menyerap lembapan
  7. Kukuh & bertambah kukuh apabila basah
Ciri-ciri gentian asli sumber haiwan
  1. Selesa dipakai kerana lembut
  2. Pengalir haba yang baik
  3. Rosak oleh suhu yang tinggi & alkali
  4. Tidak mudah renyuk
  5. Penyerapan baik
  6. Kukuh tetapi lemah ketika basah
Ciri-ciri gentian buatan
  1. Kenyal & tidak mudah renyuk
  2. Suhu sederhana
  3. Tahan pada cahaya matahari
  4. Tahan pada asid & lemah pada alkali
  5. Kukuh tetapi lemah ketika basah
  6. Tidak selesa dipakai
  7. Menyerap sedikit lmbapan & mengalami elektrostatik
  8. Penebat haba yang baik
d) Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemilihan Pakaian
  • Keperluan fisiolagi
  • Pekerjaan
  • Budaya
  • Kemajuan teknologi
  • Keperluan sosial
  • Pendapatan dan kemampuan
  • Geografi
e) Prinsip Asas Pemilihan Pakaian

i. Bentuk badan
  • tinggi & langsing
  • tinggi & gempal
  • rendah & kurus
  • rendah & gempal
ii. Corak
  • corak kecil : lebih langsing& kurus
  • corak besar : seseorang kelihatan gempal
  • corak menegak : kelihatan tinggi & langsing
  • corak melintang : kelihatan rendah & gempal
iii. Garisan & cantuman
  • garisan menegak : lebih langsing
  • garisan mendatar/melintang : lebih rendah & gempal
  • garisan menyerong : lebih tinggi & langsing
  • garisan melengkung : - garisan tegak :tinggi langsing -garisan datar/serong: rendah&gempal
iv. Warna
  • warna asas/primer
  • warna kedua/sekunder
  • warna ketiga/tertier
     *warna panas (merah & kuning) orang kurus kelihatan gempal
     *warna sejuk ( ungu & hijau) gempal kelihatan kurus

v. Tekstur Fabrik 
  • berkilat
  • kusam
  • lutsinar
  • kasar
  • tebal
  • legap
e) Elemen Mereka Bentuk Stail Pakaian
  1. Garisan & cantuman
  2. Fabrik
  3. Garis leher
  4. Lengan
  5. Corak
  6. Warna
  7. Hiasan




Monday, December 30, 2019

Bombastic Word- Part 2


hapless
unfortunate and deserving pity
hegemony
the dominance or leadership of one social group over others
heterogenous
consisting of elements that are not of the same kind
iconoclast
someone who attacks cherished ideas or institutions
idiosyncratic
peculiar to the individual
impecunious
not having enough money to pay for necessities
impetuous
characterized by undue haste and lack of thought
impinge
infringe upon
impute
attribute or credit to
inane
devoid of intelligence
Incandescence
Light produce by high temperatures
inchoate
only partly in existence; imperfectly formed
incontrovertible
impossible to deny or disprove
incumbent
necessary as a duty or responsibility; morally binding
Ineffable
Too great to be expressed in words
inexorable
not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty
inimical
not friendly
injunction
a judicial remedy to prohibit a party from doing something
inoculate
inject or treat with the germ of a disease to render immune
insidious
working or spreading in a hidden and usually injurious way
instigate
provoke or stir up
insurgent
in opposition to a civil authority or government
interlocutor
a person who takes part in a conversation
intimation
a slight suggestion or vague understanding
inure
cause to accept or become hardened to
invective
abusive language used to express blame or censure
intransigent
impervious to pleas, persuasion, requests, or reason
inveterate
Habitual
iridescent
producing a display of rainbowlike colours
irreverence
a mental attitude showing lack of due respect
knell
the sound of a bell rung slowly to announce a death
laconic
brief and to the point
largesse
liberality in bestowing gifts
legerdemain
an illusory feat
libertarian
an advocate of freedom of thought and speech
licentious
lacking moral discipline
limerence
the state of being infatuated with another person
linchpin
a central cohesive source of support and stability
litigant
a party to a lawsuit
Luminescence
light produced by chemical, electrical, or physiological means
maelstrom
a powerful circular current of water
maudlin
effusively or insincerely emotional
maverick
someone who exhibits independence in thought and action
mawkish
effusively or insincerely emotional
maxim
a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits
mellifluous
a sound that is sweet and smooth, pleasing to hear
mendacious
given to lying
modicum
a small or moderate or token amount
morass
a soft wet area of low-lying land that sinks underfoot
mores
the conventions embodying the fundamental values of a group
munificent
very generous
multifarious
having many aspects
nadir
the lowest point of anything
negligent
characterized by undue lack of attention or concern
neophyte
any new participant in some activity
noisome
offensively malodorous
noxious
injurious to physical or mental health
obdurate
stubbornly persistent in wrongdoing
obfuscate
make obscure or unclear
obstreperous
noisily and stubbornly defiant
officious
intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner
oblivion
The state of being unaware of what is happening around you
onerous
burdensome or difficult to endure
ostensible
appearing as such but not necessarily so
ostracism
the act of excluding someone from society by general consent
palliate
lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of
panacea
hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases
paradigm
a standard or typical example
pariah
a person who is rejected from society or home
partisan
a fervent and even militant proponent of something
paucity
an insufficient quantity or number
pejorative
expressing disapproval
pellucid
transparently clear; easily understandable
penchant
a strong liking
penurious
excessively unwilling to spend
pert
characterized by a lightly saucy or impudent quality
pernicious
exceedingly harmful
pertinacious
stubbornly unyielding
petrichor
the pleasant earthy smell after rain 
phlegmatic
showing little emotion
philanthropic
of or relating to charitable giving
phosphenes
The light and colours produced by rubbing your eyes
pithy
concise and full of meaning
platitude
a trite or obvious remark
plaudit
enthusiastic approval
plenitude
a full supply
plethora
extreme excess
portent
a sign of something about to happen
potentate
a ruler who is unconstrained by law
preclude
make impossible, especially beforehand
predilection
a predisposition in favor of something
preponderance
exceeding in heaviness; having greater weight
presage
a foreboding about what is about to happen
probity
complete and confirmed integrity
proclivity
a natural inclination
profligate
unrestrained by convention or morality
promulgate
state or announce
proscribe
command against
protean
taking on different forms
prurient
characterized by lust
puerile
displaying or suggesting a lack of maturity
pugnacious
ready and able to resort to force or violence
pulchritude
physical beauty, especially of a woman
punctilious
marked by precise accordance with details
quaint
attractively old-fashioned
quixotic
not sensible about practical matters
quandary
state of uncertainty in a choice between unfavorable options
recalcitrant
stubbornly resistant to authority or control
redoubtable
inspiring fear
relegate
assign to a lower position
remiss
failing in what duty requires
reprieve
postpone the punishment of a convicted criminal
reprobate
a person without moral scruples
rescind
cancel officially
requisition
an authoritative request or demand
rife
excessively abundant
sanctimonious
excessively or hypocritically pious
sanguine
confidently optimistic and cheerful
scurrilous
expressing offensive reproach
semaphore
an apparatus for visual signaling
serendipity
good luck in making unexpected and fortunate discoveries/the chance occurrence of events in a beneficial way
sobriety
the state of being unaffected or not intoxicated by alcohol
solicitous
full of anxiety and concern
solipsism
the philosophical theory that the self is all that exists
solitude
A state of seclusion or isolation
somnambulist
a person who sleepwalks
sonder
The realization that each passerby has a life as vivid and complex as your own
sonorous
An imposingly deep and full sound
spurious
plausible but false
staid
characterized by dignity and propriety
stolid
having or revealing little emotion or sensibility
subjugate
make subservient; force to submit or subdue
surfeit
indulge (one's appetite) to satiety
surreptitious
marked by quiet and caution and secrecy
swarthy
naturally having skin of a dark color
syzygy
a conjunction or opposition, especially of the moon with the sun
tangential
of superficial relevance if any
tome
a large and scholarly book
toady
a person who tries to please someone to gain an advantage
torpid
in a condition of biological rest or suspended animation
travesty
a composition that imitates or misrepresents a style
trenchant
having keenness and forcefulness and penetration in thought
trite
repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse
truculent
defiantly aggressive
turpitude
a corrupt or depraved or degenerate act or practice
ubiquitous
being present everywhere at once
umbrage
a feeling of anger caused by being offended
upbraid
express criticism towards
utilitarian
having a useful function
veracity
unwillingness to tell lies
vestige
an indication that something has been present
vicissitude
a variation in circumstances or fortune
vilify
spread negative information about
virtuoso
someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field
vitriolic
harsh, bitter, or malicious in tone
vituperate
spread negative information about
vociferous
conspicuously and offensively loud
wanton
a lewd or lascivious person
winsome
charming in a childlike or naive way
yoke
join with stable gear, as two draft animals
zephyr
a slight wind

Bombastic Word- Part 1


abject
of the most contemptible kind
aberration
a state or condition markedly different from the norm
abjure
formally reject or disavow a formerly held belief
abnegation
the denial and rejection of a doctrine or belief
abrogate
revoke formally
abscond
run away, often taking something or somebody along
abstruse
difficult to penetrate
accede
yield to another's wish or opinion
accost
approach and speak to someone aggressively or insistently
accretion
an increase by natural growth or addition
acumen
shrewdness shown by keen insight
adamant
impervious to pleas, persuasion, requests, or reason
admonish
scold or reprimand; take to task
adumbrate
describe roughly or give the main points or summary of
adverse
in an opposing direction
advocate
a person who pleads for a person, cause, or idea
affluent
having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value
aggrandize
embellish; increase the scope, power, or importance of
alacrity
liveliness and eagerness
alias
a name that has been assumed temporarily
ambivalent
uncertain or unable to decide about what course to follow
amenable
disposed or willing to comply
amorphous
having no definite form or distinct shape
anachronistic
chronologically misplaced
anathema
a formal ecclesiastical curse accompanied by excommunication
annex
attach to
antediluvian
of or relating to the period before the biblical flood
antiseptic
thoroughly clean and free of disease-causing organisms
apathetic
showing little or no emotion or animation
antithesis
exact opposite
apocryphal
being of questionable authenticity
approbation
official acceptance or agreement
aquiver
Quivering,trembling
arbitrary
based on or subject to individual discretion or preference
arboreal
of or relating to or formed by trees
arcane
requiring secret or mysterious knowledge
archetypal
of an original type after which other things are patterned
arrogate
seize and take control without authority
ascetic
someone who practices self denial as a spiritual discipline
aspersion
a disparaging remark
assiduous
marked by care and persistent effort
atrophy
a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse
bane
something causing misery or death
bashful
self-consciously timid
beguile
influence by slyness
bereft
sorrowful through loss or deprivation
blandishment
flattery intended to persuade
bilk
cheat somebody out of what is due, especially money
bombastic
ostentatiously lofty in style
cajole
influence or urge by gentle urging, caressing, or flattering
callous
emotionally hardened
calumny
a false accusation of an offense
camaraderie
the quality of affording easy familiarity and sociability
candor
the quality of being honest and straightforward
capitulate
surrender under agreed conditions
carouse
engage in boisterous, drunken merrymaking
carp
any of various freshwater fish of the family 
caucus
meet to select a candidate or promote a policy
cavort
play boisterously
circumlocution
an indirect way of expressing something
circumscribe
draw a geometric figure around another figure
circumvent
surround so as to force to give up
clamor
utter or proclaim insistently and noisily
cleave
separate or cut with a tool, such as a sharp instrument
cobbler
a person who makes or repairs shoes
cogent
powerfully persuasive
cognizant
having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization
commensurate
corresponding in size or degree or extent
complement
something added to embellish or make perfect
compunction
a feeling of deep regret, usually for some misdeed
concomitant
following or accompanying as a consequence
conduit
a passage through which water or electric wires can pass
conflagration
a very intense and uncontrolled fire
congruity
the quality of agreeing; being suitable and appropriate
connive
form intrigues (for) in an underhand manner
consign
give over to another for care or safekeeping
constituent
one of the individual parts making up a composite entity
construe
make sense of; assign a meaning to
contusion
an injury in which the skin is not broken
contrite
feeling or expressing pain or sorrow for sins or offenses
contentious
showing an inclination to disagree
contravene
go against, as of rules and laws
convivial
occupied with or fond of the pleasures of good company
corpulence
the property of excessive fatness
covet
wish, long, or crave for
cupidity
extreme greed for material wealth
dearth
an insufficient quantity or number
debacle
a sudden and complete disaster
debauch
a wild gathering involving excessive drinking
debunk
expose while ridiculing
defenestration
the act of throwing someone out of the window
defunct
no longer in force or use; inactive
demagogue
a leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions
denigrate
charge falsely or with malicious intent
derivative
a compound obtained from another compound
despot
a cruel and oppressive dictator
diaphanous
so thin as to transmit light
didactic
instructive, especially excessively
dirge
a song or hymn of mourning as a memorial to a dead person
disaffected
discontented as toward authority
discomfit
cause to lose one's composure
disparate
fundamentally different or distinct in quality or kind
dispel
to cause to separate and go in different directions
disrepute
the state of being held in low esteem
divisive
causing or characterized by disagreement or disunity
dogmatic
pertaining to a code of beliefs accepted as authoritative
dour
showing a brooding ill humor
duplicity
the act of deceiving or acting in bad faith
duress
compulsory force or threat
eclectic
selecting what seems best of various styles or ideas
edict
a formal or authoritative proclamation
ebullient
joyously unrestrained
egregious
conspicuously and outrageously bad or reprehensible
elegy
a mournful poem; a lament for the dead
elicit
call forth, as an emotion, feeling, or response
Eloquence
The art of using language in an apt, fluent way
embezzlement
the fraudulent appropriation of funds or property
emend
make corrections to
emollient
a substance with a soothing effect when applied to the skin
empirical
derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
emulate
strive to equal or match, especially by imitating
enervate
weaken mentally or morally
enfranchise
grant freedom to, as from slavery or servitude
engender
call forth
ephemeral
anything short-lived, as an insect that lives only for a day
epistolary
written in the form of letters or correspondence
Epipihany
a moment of sudden revelation
equanimity
steadiness of mind under stress
equivocal
open to two or more interpretations
espouse
choose and follow a theory, idea, policy, etc.
Epoch
A particular period of time in a history or a person’s life
ethereal
extremely delicate, light, not of this world
evanescent
tending to vanish like vapor
evince
give expression to
exacerbate
make worse
exhort
spur on or encourage especially by cheers and shouts
execrable
unequivocally detestable
exigent
demanding immediate attention
expedient
appropriate to a purpose
expiate
make amends for
expunge
remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line
extraneous
not belonging to that in which it is contained
extol
praise, glorify, or honor
extant
still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost
expurgate
edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate
fallacious
containing or based on incorrect reasoning
fatuous
devoid of intelligence
fetter
a shackle for the ankles or feet
flagrant
conspicuously and outrageously bad or reprehensible
foil
hinder or prevent, as an effort, plan, or desire
forbearance
good-natured tolerance of delay or incompetence
fortuitous
occurring by happy chance
fractious
easily irritated or annoyed
garrulous
full of trivial conversation
gourmand
a person who is devoted to eating and drinking to excess
grandiloquent
lofty in style
gratuitous
unnecessary and unwarranted